How is peritoneal dialysis performed?

Peritoneal dialysis is a form of dialysis that utilizes the peritoneal cavity, which is the space within the abdomen that houses the intestines, liver, and other abdominal organs. In this process, a sterile dialysate solution is infused into the peritoneal cavity through a catheter. The dialysate solution contains a specific concentration of electrolytes and other substances that interact with the blood vessels in the peritoneal membrane. This interaction allows for the diffusion and osmosis of waste products and excess fluids from the bloodstream into the dialysate, which can then be drained out, effectively cleansing the blood of toxins.

This method is particularly beneficial for patients with kidney failure, as it can be performed at home, providing flexibility and independence compared to other forms of dialysis. Understanding this process emphasizes the importance of the peritoneal membrane as a natural filter within the body. Other methods, such as using a machine to filter blood externally or flushing the kidneys with saline, do not utilize the capabilities of the peritoneal cavity and focus on different aspects of renal replacement therapy, while medication administration is not a form of dialysis.